{"id":15504,"date":"2026-01-06T11:21:08","date_gmt":"2026-01-06T03:21:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/?post_type=dt_portfolio&#038;p=15504"},"modified":"2026-01-06T11:21:27","modified_gmt":"2026-01-06T03:21:27","slug":"15504","status":"publish","type":"dt_portfolio","link":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/project\/15504","title":{"rendered":"Understanding and Operating Distribution Panels and Distribution Boards"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<style>\n        :root {<br \/>            --navy: #002b5c;<br \/>            --blue: #0056b3;<br \/>            --light-blue: #eef6ff;<br \/>            --border: #d1d9e0;<br \/>        }<br \/>        body {<br \/>            font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif;<br \/>            line-height: 1.8;<br \/>            color: #333;<br \/>            max-width: 900px;<br \/>            margin: 0 auto;<br \/>            padding: 30px 20px;<br \/>            background-color: #f4f7f9;<br \/>        }<br \/>        .content-card {<br \/>            background: #fff;<br \/>            padding: 40px;<br \/>            border-radius: 8px;<br \/>            box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);<br \/>        }<br \/>        h1 {<br \/>            color: var(--navy);<br \/>            text-align: center;<br \/>            font-size: 28px;<br \/>            border-bottom: 3px solid var(--navy);<br \/>            padding-bottom: 15px;<br \/>            margin-bottom: 40px;<br \/>        }<br \/>        h2 {<br \/>            color: #fff;<br \/>            background: var(--navy);<br \/>            padding: 10px 20px;<br \/>            margin-top: 40px;<br \/>            border-radius: 4px;<br \/>            font-size: 22px;<br \/>        }<br \/>        h3 {<br \/>            color: var(--blue);<br \/>            border-left: 5px solid var(--blue);<br \/>            padding-left: 15px;<br \/>            margin: 30px 0 15px 0;<br \/>            font-size: 19px;<br \/>        }<br \/>        p { margin-bottom: 18px; text-align: justify; }<br \/>        ul, ol { margin-bottom: 20px; padding-left: 25px; }<br \/>        li { margin-bottom: 10px; }<\/p>\n<p>        .image-tag {<br \/>            background: #f8f9fa;<br \/>            border: 1px solid var(--border);<br \/>            color: #666;<br \/>            padding: 15px;<br \/>            text-align: center;<br \/>            margin: 20px 0;<br \/>            font-style: italic;<br \/>            border-radius: 4px;<br \/>        }<br \/>        .highlight-box {<br \/>            background: var(--light-blue);<br \/>            border: 1px solid #b8daff;<br \/>            padding: 20px;<br \/>            border-radius: 6px;<br \/>            margin: 25px 0;<br \/>        }<br \/>        .footer {<br \/>            text-align: center;<br \/>            margin-top: 50px;<br \/>            color: #888;<br \/>            font-size: 0.9em;<br \/>            border-top: 1px solid #eee;<br \/>            padding-top: 20px;<br \/>        }<br \/>    <\/style>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"content-card\">\n<h1>Understanding and Operating Distribution Panels and Distribution Boards<\/h1>\n<p>Against the single-line diagram of the power station simulator software system (as shown in Figure 5-1), point out the important equipment such as the main generator, main switch, busbar, etc., and find out the corresponding simulator hardware respectively.<\/p>\n<div class=\"image-tag\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15505\" title=\"122e0380b19f54d979284156cf0c56fa\" src=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/122e0380b19f54d979284156cf0c56fa.png\" alt=\"122e0380b19f54d979284156cf0c56fa\" width=\"1270\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/122e0380b19f54d979284156cf0c56fa.png 1270w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/122e0380b19f54d979284156cf0c56fa-300x149.png 300w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/122e0380b19f54d979284156cf0c56fa-1024x510.png 1024w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/122e0380b19f54d979284156cf0c56fa-768x382.png 768w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/122e0380b19f54d979284156cf0c56fa-18x9.png 18w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/122e0380b19f54d979284156cf0c56fa-600x299.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1270px) 100vw, 1270px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"image-tag\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Figure 5-1 Single-line diagram of the power station simulator software system<\/div>\n<p>In the power plant simulator software, open the main generator and the machine-side control box interface (shown in Figure 5-2), observe the various systems of the diesel auxiliary engine, through the machine-side panel of the instrumentation to understand the working status of the diesel engine. Compare with the generator machine-side control box in the hardware part of the power station simulator (as shown in Figure 5-3), to deepen the understanding.<\/p>\n<div class=\"image-tag\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15506\" title=\"39a10c0c591080e099635a51513801ec\" src=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/39a10c0c591080e099635a51513801ec.png\" alt=\"39a10c0c591080e099635a51513801ec\" width=\"830\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/39a10c0c591080e099635a51513801ec.png 830w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/39a10c0c591080e099635a51513801ec-300x156.png 300w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/39a10c0c591080e099635a51513801ec-768x399.png 768w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/39a10c0c591080e099635a51513801ec-18x9.png 18w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/39a10c0c591080e099635a51513801ec-600x312.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 830px) 100vw, 830px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"image-tag\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Figure 5-2 Main Generator and Machine-side Control Box Interface<\/div>\n<div class=\"image-tag\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15507\" title=\"32cb7dfa1436c9a6a56520a0d2828745\" src=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/32cb7dfa1436c9a6a56520a0d2828745.png\" alt=\"32cb7dfa1436c9a6a56520a0d2828745\" width=\"382\" height=\"482\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/32cb7dfa1436c9a6a56520a0d2828745.png 382w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/32cb7dfa1436c9a6a56520a0d2828745-238x300.png 238w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/32cb7dfa1436c9a6a56520a0d2828745-10x12.png 10w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 382px) 100vw, 382px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"image-tag\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Figure 5-3 Generator Side Control Box Hardware<\/div>\n<p>In front of the main switchboard (shown in Figure 5-4), which is part of the hardware section of the power plant simulator, observe the various components of the main switchboard: the generator control panel, the parallel panel, and the load panel.<\/p>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15508\" title=\"ee12a302424954227b6174e9b705c381\" src=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ee12a302424954227b6174e9b705c381.png\" alt=\"ee12a302424954227b6174e9b705c381\" width=\"760\" height=\"446\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ee12a302424954227b6174e9b705c381.png 760w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ee12a302424954227b6174e9b705c381-300x176.png 300w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ee12a302424954227b6174e9b705c381-18x12.png 18w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ee12a302424954227b6174e9b705c381-600x352.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"image-tag\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Figure 5-4 Main Switchboard Hardware Section<\/div>\n<p>For the generator control panel (shown in Figure 5-5), which is the hardware part of the simulator, the focus is on recognizing the \u201cGEN. RUNNING\u201d indicator, \u201cREADY FOR START\u201d indicator, start button, stop button, close button with light, split button with light, voltmeter, ammeter, and frequency meter. lighted button, switch lighted button, voltmeter, ammeter, and frequency meter.<\/p>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15509\" title=\"92a65b8e761db610eeddd3a8c15820b8\" src=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/92a65b8e761db610eeddd3a8c15820b8.png\" alt=\"92a65b8e761db610eeddd3a8c15820b8\" width=\"380\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/92a65b8e761db610eeddd3a8c15820b8.png 380w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/92a65b8e761db610eeddd3a8c15820b8-254x300.png 254w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/92a65b8e761db610eeddd3a8c15820b8-10x12.png 10w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"image-tag\">Figure 5-5 Generator Control Panel<\/div>\n<p>For the hardware part of the station simulator parallel screen (shown in Figure 5-6), the focus is on recognizing the synchronization table and switching switches, mode control switches, closing buttons, splitting buttons, and speed control switches.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15510\" title=\"6d3657530c233ad9f8960587348dfc4d\" src=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/6d3657530c233ad9f8960587348dfc4d.png\" alt=\"6d3657530c233ad9f8960587348dfc4d\" width=\"460\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/6d3657530c233ad9f8960587348dfc4d.png 460w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/6d3657530c233ad9f8960587348dfc4d-300x279.png 300w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/6d3657530c233ad9f8960587348dfc4d-13x12.png 13w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"content-card\">\n<div class=\"image-tag\">Figure 5-6 Merge Screen<\/div>\n<p>For the load screens in the hardware portion of the station simulator, the focus is on understanding the location of the various load distribution switches.<\/p>\n<h2>II. Operation of switchboards and distribution panels<\/h2>\n<h3>(i) Start-up and power supply operations<\/h3>\n<div class=\"highlight-box\">\n<p><strong>1. Pre-closing inspection<\/strong><br \/>\nVerify that the generator has stabilized and that the voltage and frequency are normal. Check that the distribution panel circuit breaker status (open\/close) and indicator lights are normal.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Closing operations<\/strong><br \/>\nClose the main circuit breaker manually or by remote control and observe whether the voltmeter and ammeter values are within the rated range.<br \/>\nCritical action: Observe the grid insulation status immediately after closing the gate to ensure that there is no transient leakage.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>(ii) Checking grid insulation status after load distribution and switching<\/h3>\n<p><strong>1. Load shifting<\/strong><br \/>\nThe output power of each generator is adjusted through the load distributor to ensure a balanced distribution (the deviation is not greater than 10%). When switching important loads, the principle of \u201ccut off first and then turn on\u201d is adopted to avoid parallel short circuit.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Insulation condition monitoring after load switching<\/strong><br \/>\nWithin 5min after the load switching is completed, pay attention to the grid insulation meter, the insulation resistance cannot be lower than 1 M\u03a9.<\/p>\n<h2>III. Extension of knowledge<\/h2>\n<p>Within the Power Plant Simulator software, open the emergency generator interface and control box (shown in Figure 5-7) and observe the systems of the emergency generator, focusing on the startup subsystem. Familiarize yourself with the emergency generator machine-side control panel, the emergency generator control panel (shown in Figure 5-8), and the power distribution panel against the hardware and software.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-card\">\n<div class=\"image-tag\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15512\" title=\"b5d52cd5507b30d6f3a0fdeb1fa9629f-1\" src=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/b5d52cd5507b30d6f3a0fdeb1fa9629f-1.png\" alt=\"b5d52cd5507b30d6f3a0fdeb1fa9629f-1\" width=\"1042\" height=\"440\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/b5d52cd5507b30d6f3a0fdeb1fa9629f-1.png 1042w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/b5d52cd5507b30d6f3a0fdeb1fa9629f-1-300x127.png 300w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/b5d52cd5507b30d6f3a0fdeb1fa9629f-1-1024x432.png 1024w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/b5d52cd5507b30d6f3a0fdeb1fa9629f-1-768x324.png 768w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/b5d52cd5507b30d6f3a0fdeb1fa9629f-1-18x8.png 18w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/b5d52cd5507b30d6f3a0fdeb1fa9629f-1-600x253.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1042px) 100vw, 1042px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"image-tag\">Figure 5-7 Emergency Generator Interface and Control Box<\/div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15513\" title=\"adc651f20e49eae4b103d641851ef33c\" src=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/adc651f20e49eae4b103d641851ef33c.png\" alt=\"adc651f20e49eae4b103d641851ef33c\" width=\"455\" height=\"424\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/adc651f20e49eae4b103d641851ef33c.png 455w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/adc651f20e49eae4b103d641851ef33c-300x280.png 300w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/adc651f20e49eae4b103d641851ef33c-13x12.png 13w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"image-tag\">Figure 5-8 Emergency Generator Control Panel<\/div>\n<p>Familiarize yourself with the battery and charge\/discharge boards against the hardware and software, as shown in Figure 5-9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15514\" title=\"c574752a6bb8b8bb4a9364a65b7b7df6\" src=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c574752a6bb8b8bb4a9364a65b7b7df6.png\" alt=\"c574752a6bb8b8bb4a9364a65b7b7df6\" width=\"451\" height=\"538\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c574752a6bb8b8bb4a9364a65b7b7df6.png 451w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c574752a6bb8b8bb4a9364a65b7b7df6-251x300.png 251w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c574752a6bb8b8bb4a9364a65b7b7df6-10x12.png 10w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 451px) 100vw, 451px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"content-card\">\n<div class=\"image-tag\">Figure 5-9 Batteries and Charge and Discharge Plates<\/div>\n<p>Compare the hardware and software and familiarize yourself with the shore power box and the main shore power switch, as shown in Figure 5-10.<\/p>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15515\" title=\"79182ee9d65f073f94edfadeefccfe99\" src=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/79182ee9d65f073f94edfadeefccfe99.png\" alt=\"79182ee9d65f073f94edfadeefccfe99\" width=\"464\" height=\"416\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/79182ee9d65f073f94edfadeefccfe99.png 464w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/79182ee9d65f073f94edfadeefccfe99-300x269.png 300w, http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/79182ee9d65f073f94edfadeefccfe99-13x12.png 13w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 464px) 100vw, 464px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"image-tag\">Figure 5-10 Shore Power Box and Shore Power Main Switch<\/div>\n<p>Observe and familiarize yourself with the physical aspects of the above sections in an automated simulator cabin.<\/p>\n<h2>IV. Relevant knowledge<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. Components of ship's electrical systems<\/strong><br \/>\nA ship's electrical system consists of four parts: power supply, distribution unit, power grid and load.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Types of ship's power supply<\/strong><br \/>\nThe ship's power supply includes the main genset, emergency generator and batteries, and shore power can also be accessed through the shore power box in the harbor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Types of ship's power distribution units<\/strong><br \/>\nThe ship's power distribution unit consists of a main switchboard, an emergency switchboard, a charging and discharging board and a shore power box, corresponding to the ship's power supply. Below the main switchboard, there are power distribution boxes and lighting distribution boxes for distributing power and lighting loads.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Composition and function of main switchboards<\/strong><br \/>\nThe main switchboard consists of a generator control panel, a parallel panel, a load panel and a busbar. The main switchboard is the operation center of the ship's electrical system. Its main functions are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>(1) During normal operation, manually or automatically connecting or cutting off the power supply network from the power source to the power-using equipment, supplying or stopping the power supply to the power grid.<\/li>\n<li>(2) Measurement and monitoring of various electrical parameters of the power system (voltage, frequency, current, power, power factor, insulation resistance, etc.).<\/li>\n<li>(3) Adjusting the values of various electrical parameters of the power system (e.g., voltage, frequency).<\/li>\n<li>(4) When the power system fails or fails to operate normally, the protection circuit will automatically cut off the faulty circuit or send out an alarm signal.<\/li>\n<li>(5) Signal display of circuit status, switching status, and deviation from normal operating status.<\/li>\n<li>(6) For faulty electrical equipment to be repaired or under repair, when disconnecting the power supply at the main switchboard, a notice board must be hung on its corresponding switch to avoid electric shock or equipment damage.<\/li>\n<li>(7) Synchronization meter and megohmmeter on the switchboard are designed for short-term work, and the changeover switch should be triggered back to the zero position after the car or measurement is completed.<\/li>\n<li>(8) Observe the insulation of the ship's power grid as indicated by the megohmmeter or ground gas lamp on the switchboard. If the insulation is defective, it should be checked and eliminated in time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"footer\">Marine Electrical and Electronic Officer (ETO) Hands-on Training References<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; Understanding and Operation of Distribution Panels and Distribution Boards Refer to the single-line diagram of the power station simulator software system (as shown in Figure 5-1) and identify the main...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15517,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","dt_portfolio_category":[891],"dt_portfolio_tags":[],"class_list":["post-15504","dt_portfolio","type-dt_portfolio","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","dt_portfolio_category-dianzidianqiyuanshicaopinggukecheng","dt_portfolio_category-891","description-off"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dt_portfolio\/15504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dt_portfolio"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/dt_portfolio"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15504"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dt_portfolio\/15504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15518,"href":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dt_portfolio\/15504\/revisions\/15518"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"dt_portfolio_category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dt_portfolio_category?post=15504"},{"taxonomy":"dt_portfolio_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dt_portfolio_tags?post=15504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}