{"id":15983,"date":"2026-01-08T13:43:19","date_gmt":"2026-01-08T05:43:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/?post_type=dt_portfolio&p=15983"},"modified":"2026-01-08T13:47:30","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T05:47:30","slug":"ais-shebeidecaozuoyuweihupinggulianxiti","status":"publish","type":"dt_portfolio","link":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/en\/project\/ais-shebeidecaozuoyuweihupinggulianxiti","title":{"rendered":"Operation and Maintenance of AIS Equipment Assessment Practice Questions"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n

Operation and Maintenance of AIS Equipment Assessment Practice Questions<\/h1>\n

Full Text Coverage - Valuation Practice Cross Reference Edition<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

I. Brief description of contents<\/h2>\n
\n

(i) Assessment missions:<\/strong>Proper operation and maintenance of AIS equipment.<\/p>\n

(ii) Assessment of implementation:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • 1. Assessment modalities:<\/strong>Use the AIS real machine or simulator for evaluation.<\/li>\n
  • 2. Description of the mission (scenario):<\/strong>Operation and maintenance of AIS.<\/li>\n
  • 3. Assessment procedures:<\/strong>(1) Basic operation of AIS: self-testing, viewing static and dynamic data and interpreting them; (2) AIS input\/output interface settings; (3) AIS connection with other devices.<\/li>\n
  • 4. Assessment of requirements:<\/strong>(1) Basic operation of AIS; (2) AIS input\/output interface setting; (3) AIS input signal viewing: external GNSS receiver signal and compass signal; output signal to radar, ECDIS or VDR and other devices.<\/li>\n
  • 5. Cluster approach:<\/strong>Complete the operation individually. \u00a0\u00a0 6. Time for assessment:<\/strong>No more than 10min.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

    (iii) Elements of assessment and assessment criteria<\/h3>\n
    \n
    1. Element of assessment No. 1: Basic AIS operation<\/strong>
    \nElements: Normal power-up and self-test; view static\/dynamic data and interpret.
    \nCriteria: Proper switching on and off and self-testing; static data viewing and setup; dynamic data viewing and setup.<\/div>\n
    2. Element 2 of the assessment: AIS signaling test<\/strong>
    \nElements: CPA Alarm test (comparing radar targets); simulated faults to observe alarm consistency.
    \nCriteria: Can perform CPA alarm test; Judgement to disconnect GNSS\/rodeo signal; Judgement to disconnect radar output signal.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    3. Element of assessment No. 3: AIS connectivity to other equipment<\/strong>
    \nElements: input signal; output signal.
    \nCriteria: Detection of signals using a multimeter or software; ability to access GNSS\/rodeo signals; ability to access signals to equipment such as radar\/VDR.<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
    \n

    II. Methods of operation<\/h2>\n

    Note: The first evaluation element is presented here as an example.<\/p>\n

    \n
    \u25ce (i) AIS Basic Operations (Key Elements)<\/div>\n
    \n

    1. Equipment switching on and off:<\/strong>Press the \u201cPOWER\u201d key to switch the device on and off.<\/p>\n

    2. Equipment self-testing:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n

    (1) Monitor unit test:<\/strong>
    \nPress \u201cMENU\u201d to open the main menu; \u2461 Select \u201cDIAGNOSTICS\u201d and press \u201cENT\u201d; \u2462 Select \u201cMONITOR TEST\u201d and press \u201cENT\u201d. Select \"DIAGNOSTICS\" and press \"ENT\"; \u2462 Select \"MONITOR TEST\" and press \"ENT\".
    \na. Display the program number; b. Highlight \u201cPUSH KEY\u201d, press the keys and arrows on the Cursor Pad one by one to make sure the name appears next to \u201cKEY\u201d; c. Check the ROM, RAM, and I\/O ports (special test connector is required, otherwise \u201c-\u201d will appear). c. Check the ROM, RAM and I\/O ports (special test connector is required, otherwise \u201c-\u201d will appear). The ROM and RAM check result shows \u201cOK\u201d (normal) or \u201cNG\u201d (abnormal); d. Check if the contrast is changed automatically; e. Check the LCD (all LCD segments are turned on for 2s and then off for 3s, the screen turns black and then white again); f. Re-execute the test; g. Exit: Press \"MENU\" three times consecutively.<\/p>\n

    (2) Radar transponder testing:<\/strong>
    \nConsists of a memory test and an internal GPS receiver test:
    \n\u2460Memory test: MENU \u2192 DIAGNOSTICS \u2192 TRANSPONDER TEST \u2192 MEMORY TEST. \u201cOK\u201d or \u201cNG\u201d is displayed as the result.
    \n\u2461 Internal GPS receiver test: MENU \u2192 DIAGNOSTICS \u2192 TRANSPONDER TEST \u2192 GPS TEST. When \u201cNG\u201d is displayed, it is accompanied by the following reasons: DATA BACKUP ERR, GPS COMMUNICATION ERROR, The display of \"NG\" is accompanied by the following causes: DATA BACKUP ERR, GPS COMMUNICATION ERROR, PARAMETER BACKUP ERR, ROM ERROR, RAM ERROR, and ANTENNA ERROR.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    3. Viewing and setting of the ship's static and dynamic data:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n

    (1) Static data view: Press \u201cDISP\u201d twice to open \u201cOWN STATIC DATA\u201d item, use Cursor Pad \u201c\u25bd\u201d or \u201c\u25b2\u201d to advance or return. Use Cursor Pad \"\u25bd\" or \"\u25b2\" to advance or return. The data is shown in Table 3-3-1.<\/p>\n

    Table 3-3-1<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0static data<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    abridge<\/td>\nFull name in English<\/td>\nChinese Meaning<\/td>\nclarification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    MMSI<\/td>\nMaritime Mobile Service Identity<\/td>\nMaritime mobility<\/td>\n9-digit unique identification of the ship, used globally (example: 412345678)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    CALL SIGN<\/td>\nCall Sign<\/td>\ncry out in distress<\/td>\nInternationally assigned alphanumeric code (example: BOWA3)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    SHIP NAME<\/td>\nShip Name<\/td>\nname of ship<\/td>\nShip's registered name (e.g. OCEAN STAR)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    TYPE OF SHIP<\/td>\nType of Ship<\/td>\nVessel type<\/td>\nNumeric code (e.g. 70 = cargo ship, 35 = fishing vessel, 52 = passenger ship)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    DIM A\/B\/C\/D<\/td>\nDimension<\/td>\nShip Size<\/td>\nA: Bow to antenna position; B: antenna to stern;<\/p>\n

    C: port side to antenna; D: antenna to starboard side (unit: m)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    POSN ANT<\/td>\nPosition of Antenna<\/td>\nLocating the antenna position<\/td>\nL:Longitudinal (bow to antenna);W:Transverse (left\/right port offset)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    DRAUGHT<\/td>\nDraught<\/td>\nDraught of the ship<\/td>\nCurrent draft value (unit: m, example: 12.5)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    DESTINATION<\/td>\nDestination<\/td>\ndestination (location)<\/td>\nDestination port to be reached by the ship on the current voyage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ETA<\/td>\nEstimated Time of Arrival<\/td>\nEstimated time of arrival<\/td>\nFormat: DDHHMM (Day-Hour-Minute, example: 251830= 25th 18:30)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    DEST<\/td>\nDestination<\/td>\ndestination port<\/td>\nPort UN\/LOCODE code (e.g. CNNGB = China Shanghai Port)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    (2) Dynamic data view: Press \u201cDISP\u201d key for 3s to open the ship's dynamic data. The data is shown in table 3-3-2.<\/p>\n

    Table 3-3-2<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0dynamic data<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    abridge<\/td>\nFull name in English<\/td>\nChinese Meaning<\/td>\nclarification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    UTC<\/td>\nCoordinated Universal Time<\/td>\nCoordinated Universal Time (UTC)<\/td>\nSatellite synchronized time (e.g. 120530 = 05:30 on the 12th)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    LAT\/LON<\/td>\nLatitude\/Longitude<\/td>\nLatitude\/longitude<\/td>\nGPS location data (example: 31\u00b023.45\u2032N\/121\u00b056.78\u2019E)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    COG<\/td>\nCourse over Ground<\/td>\ncourse towards the earth<\/td>\nActual direction of ship's motion (0\u00b0~359\u00b0, based on true north)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    SOG<\/td>\nSpeed over Ground<\/td>\nSpeed to ground<\/td>\nActual sailing speed (unit: kn, example: 12.5 kn)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    HDG<\/td>\nHeading<\/td>\nbow direction<\/td>\nBow pointing direction (difference with COG reflects wind flow pressure effects)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ROT<\/td>\nRate of Turn<\/td>\ngear shift ratio<\/td>\nRight turn is positive\/left turn is negative (unit: \u00b0\/min, example: +12)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    (3) Data setup and modification (MMSI, IMO, ship name, call sign):
    \n\u2460MENU \u2192 \u2461INITIAL SETTINGS \u2192 \u2462Enter password \u2192 \u2463SET MMSI \u2192 \u2464Enter 9-digit MMSI \u2192 \u2465IMO No. (Note: 7-digit No. needs to be preceded by \u201c00\u201d, and 9 0s are input for no No.) \u2192 \u2466NAME (ship's name, not more than 20 characters) \u2192 \u2467C.SIN (call sign, not more than 7 characters) \u2192 \u2468ENT to confirm, press MENU to save. SIN (call sign, not more than 7 characters) \u2192 \u2468ENT to confirm, press MENU to save.<\/p>\n

    (4) GPS antenna position setting (SET ANTENNA POS):
    \n\u2460Enter initial setting \u2192 \u2461SET INT ANT POS (built-in) \u2192 \u2462Press ENT to input A (Bow distance, 0~511m) \u2192 \u2463Enter B (Stern distance, 0~511m), C (Port distance, 0~63m), D (Starboard distance, 0~63m) \u2192 \u2465Similarly set the parameter of SET EXT ANT POS (external) \u2192 \u2467MENU to save.<\/p>\n

    (5) Vessel type setting: Initial setting \u2192 Select vessel type setting \u2192 Confirm the number and MENU to save.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    4. AIS information view of other ships:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n

    \u2460Static information: Short press \u201cTARGET\u201d twice to enter TARGET LIST \u2192 select target ship and press ENTER \u2192 MENU \u2192 STATIC DATA.<\/p>\n

    See Table 3-3-3 for other ship static data.<\/p>\n

    Table 3-3-3<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0His ship's static data<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    abridge<\/td>\nFull name in English<\/td>\nChinese Meaning<\/td>\nclarification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    MMSI<\/td>\nMaritime Mobile Service Identity<\/td>\nMaritime Mobile Business Identification<\/td>\n9-digit unique identification (example: 412345678)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    CALL<\/td>\nCall Sign<\/td>\ncry out in distress<\/td>\nInternationally assigned code (example: BOWA3)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    NAME<\/td>\nShip Name<\/td>\nname of ship<\/td>\nRegistered name (example: BLUE OCEAN)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    TYPE<\/td>\nType of Ship<\/td>\nVessel type<\/td>\nNumerical code (70 = cargo ship, 35 = fishing vessel, etc.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    DIM A\/B\/C\/D<\/td>\nDimension<\/td>\nShip Size<\/td>\nA: bow to antenna; B: antenna to stern; C\/D: port and starboard to antenna (m)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    DRAUGHT<\/td>\nDraught<\/td>\ndraft<\/td>\nCurrent draft value (example: 10.5m)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    DEST<\/td>\nDestination<\/td>\ndestination port<\/td>\nUN\/LOCODE code (e.g. CNNGB=Shanghai Harbor, China)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ETA<\/td>\nEstimated Time of Arrival<\/td>\nEstimated time of arrival<\/td>\nFormat: DDHHMM (Example: 251830 = 25th 18:30)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u2461Dynamic information: Short press \u201cTARGET\u201d twice to enter TARGET LIST \u2192 select target and press ENTER \u2192 MENU \u2192 DYNAMIC DATA. or short press \u201cTARGET\u201d once to lock the target and then press \u201cDATA\u201d to pop up. or briefly press \"TARGET\" once to lock the target and then press \"DATA\" key to pop up.<\/p>\n

    Other ship dynamic data are shown in Table 3-3-4.<\/p>\n

    Table 3-3-4<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Other ship dynamics data<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    abridge<\/td>\nFull name in English<\/td>\nChinese Meaning<\/td>\nclarification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    UTC<\/td>\nCoordinated Universal Time<\/td>\nCoordinated Universal Time (UTC)<\/td>\nData update time (Example: 120530=12th 05:30)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    LAT\/LON<\/td>\nLatitude\/Longitude<\/td>\nLatitude\/longitude<\/td>\nPosition of target vessel (example: 31\u00b023.45\u2032N\/121\u00b0 56.78\u2019E)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    COG<\/td>\nCourse over Ground<\/td>\ncourse towards the earth<\/td>\nActual direction of motion (0\u00b0~359\u00b0)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    SOG<\/td>\nSpeed over Ground<\/td>\nSpeed to ground<\/td>\nCurrent speed (kn, example: 14.5 kn)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    HDG<\/td>\nHeading<\/td>\nbow direction<\/td>\nBow pointing (difference with COG reflects wind flow pressure)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ROT<\/td>\nRate of Turn<\/td>\ngear shift ratio<\/td>\nRight turn +\/Left turn - (unit: \u00b0\/min, example: +8)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    CPA\/TCPA<\/td>\nClosest Point of Approach\/Time to CPA<\/td>\nNearest point\/time of encounter<\/td>\nCritical parameters for collision avoidance (e.g., 0.5 n mile\/12 min)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    \u25ce (ii) AIS signaling test<\/div>\n
    \n

    1. CPA alarm function test:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • (1) MENU \u2192 USER SETTINGS; (2) Select \u201cCPA\/TCPA ALARM\u201d to set the range and time.<\/li>\n
    • (3) Set the same CPA LIMIT and TCPA time on the radar display screen.<\/li>\n
    • (4) Select a moving target in the AIS target list and record its MMSI, COG, and SOG. manually capture the target on the radar.<\/li>\n
    • (5) When the vessel enters the CPA range, observe if the AIS and radar trigger an alarm simultaneously.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2. Simulated fault testing:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Manually disconnect the GNSS receiver or rosette signal and check if the screen alarm corresponds to the actual fault.<\/li>\n
      • Manually disconnect the AIS output to the radar and check for alarm messages on the radar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        :: (iii) AIS connectivity to other equipment (key element)<\/div>\n
        \n

        1. Input signals:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (1) MENU \u2192 INIT SETTINGS \u2192 SET I\/O PORT \u2192 SET COM PORT.
        \n(2)Select the port (COM5\/6 is the sensor interface). (3)MODE Select \u201cSENSOR\u201d.
        \n(4) Rate setting: IEC 61162-1 (4800 bit\/s) or IEC 61162-2 (38.4 kbit\/s). Press ENT to confirm and MENU to save.
        \n(5)Detection:<\/strong>Read the input NEMA signal using the DC 5V block of a multimeter, and observe that 0.5~1.5V Oscillation<\/strong> for normal. Connect the device to the TD terminal.<\/div>\n

        2. Output signals:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (1) Set the path to the same input signal and select the port (COM1\/2\/3).
        \n(2) MODE Select \u201cLONG RANGE\u201d (Inmarsat C) or \u201cEXT DISPLAY\u201d (Radar\/ECDIS\/PPU).
        \n(3) Rate setting: select 4800 or 38.4 kbit\/s according to the radar\/VDR requirement.MENU save.
        \n(4)Detection:<\/strong>multimeter reading 0.5~1.5V Oscillation<\/strong> is normal. Signal is connected to RD terminal.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        AIS Data Classification and Update Frequency Quick Reference Manual (Essential for Evaluation)<\/div>\n
        \n

        (1) Static Data - sent every 6min or on request<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Project name<\/th>\nSpecific content description<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
        MMSI \/ IMO No.<\/strong><\/td>\nMaritime Mobile Identifier (9 digits) \/ IMO number (7 digits).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Name \/ Call Sign<\/strong><\/td>\nShip name (up to 20 characters) \/ Call sign (up to 7 characters).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Antenna Pos<\/strong><\/td>\nA\/B\/C\/D dimensions for precise positioning of the vessel's outline position on the electronic chart.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Type of Ship<\/strong><\/td>\nShip type code to distinguish between cargo ships, tankers, passenger ships or special ships.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        (2) Dynamic Data - Update Frequency: 2s ~ 3min (depending on speed and heading)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Project name<\/th>\nSpecific content description<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
        Position (L\/L)<\/strong><\/td>\nLatitude and longitude coordinates, provided by the GNSS receiver.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        COG \/ SOG<\/strong><\/td>\nCourse Over Ground and Speed Over Ground.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        HDG \/ ROT<\/strong><\/td>\nHeading and Rate of Turn.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Nav Status<\/strong><\/td>\nNavigational status: e.g. underway, anchored, out of control, limited to draft, etc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n

        AIS Equipment Use, Operation and Maintenance Hands-on Score Sheet<\/h2>\n
        Candidate's name: ________________
        \nEvaluation time: 10 minutes
        \nTotal points: 100<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Elements of assessment<\/th>\nOperational Standards and Key Points<\/th>\nvalue of a score<\/th>\nscore<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        basic operation
        \n(30 points)<\/td>\n        		Perform the power-on self-test (MONITOR TEST \/ TRANSPONDER TEST) correctly.<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        View and accurately interpret the ship's static and dynamic data (MMSI, L\/L, COG, etc.)<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Correctly set\/modify vessel information (vessel name, call sign, antenna size A\/B\/C\/D)<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        signal testing
        \n(30 points)<\/td>\n        		Configure CPA\/TCPA alarm thresholds and verify synchronized comparisons on the radar<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Analog Sensor (GNSS\/Rodometer) Loss, Identify Alarm Message Consistency<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Interfaces and Connections
        \n(40 points - critical)<\/td>\n        		Set the I\/O port mode (SENSOR \/ EXT DISPLAY) and rate (4800\/38.4k).<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Measure the NMEA signal level with a multimeter (observe 0.5~1.5V swing).<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        Note: Time-outs, incorrect operation of key elements, or incorrect selection of multimeter settings will directly result in failure of this assessment.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n