{"id":15541,"date":"2026-01-06T12:48:12","date_gmt":"2026-01-06T04:48:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/?post_type=dt_portfolio&p=15541"},"modified":"2026-01-06T12:48:12","modified_gmt":"2026-01-06T04:48:12","slug":"chuanbofadianjiqianyaguzhangpaichacong-ccs-guifandaoshizhananli-eto-bibeishouce","status":"publish","type":"dt_portfolio","link":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/vi\/project\/chuanbofadianjiqianyaguzhangpaichacong-ccs-guifandaoshizhananli-eto-bibeishouce","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u: T\u1eeb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n CCS \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf | C\u1ea9m nang c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ETO"},"content":{"rendered":"
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S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u: Ki\u1ec3m tra to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/h1>\n
H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u cho k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i (ETO)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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I. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u<\/h2>\n
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Khi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t kh\u00e1c, do s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00edch t\u1eeb, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t k\u00edch t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd h\u00fat d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00f4 c\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea5t k\u00edch t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/strong>; s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/strong>\u3002\u0110\u00f4i khi hai lo\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng do thi\u1ebfu k\u00edch th\u00edch g\u00e2y ra l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu \u00e1p; hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng do m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u00e1p.<\/p>\n

Khi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng song song, ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho nhau. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 thi\u1ebfu k\u00edch th\u00edch ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t b\u1ecb s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch, g\u00e2y ra m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebfu \u00e1p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng song song, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 asynchronous.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\ud83d\udcdc<\/span> Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c \u0110\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/h3>\n

B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00e0u th\u1ee7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng trongThi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<\/strong>\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/th>\n\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/th>\nTh\u1eddi gian h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/th>\nM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5<\/strong><\/td>\nD\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 70%\uff5e80%<\/strong><\/td>\ntr\u00ec ho\u00e3n 1~3 gi\u00e2y<\/strong> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nTr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 do dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n song song.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng s\u1ee5t \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5<\/strong><\/td>\nD\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 35%~70%<\/strong><\/td>\nt\u1ee9c th\u1eddi<\/strong>h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, nhanh ch\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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II. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u<\/h2>\n
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(1) H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng<\/h3>\n
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  • D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00edch th\u00edch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7:<\/strong>S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 sai, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p.<\/li>\n
  • Cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y k\u00edch th\u00edch b\u1ecb \u0111o\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9t m\u1ea1ch:<\/strong>G\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00edch th\u00edch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p.<\/li>\n
  • L\u1ed7i diode ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed5i than (trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch quay):<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ed1t ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ch\u1ed5i than kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ch k\u00edch th\u00edch b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \ud83d\udd0d Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p: S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 AVR d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t<\/strong>
    \nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong khoang m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 320 V (\u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c l\u00e0 400 V), khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ra k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a AVR b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u00f2ng k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00eam ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ea1ch b\u00ean trong AVR b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, khi\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng k\u00edch th\u00edch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh. Sau khi thay th\u1ebf AVR, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/div>\n

    (2) T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 diesel b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n
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    • Ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7:<\/strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2i phun nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 diesel kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
    • S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1c:<\/strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 diesel gi\u1ea3m, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \ud83d\udd0d Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p: S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/strong>
      \nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u ch\u1edf d\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 370V v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 47 Hz (t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c l\u00e0 50 Hz). Khi ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 diesel, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 diesel gi\u1ea3m. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3m, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra gi\u1ea3m. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 diesel ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u0169ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/div>\n

      (3) V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n
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      • \u0110\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo:<\/strong>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a thanh d\u1eabn b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p.<\/li>\n
      • Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m:<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch, r\u01a1le ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y, khi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \ud83d\udd0d Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p: \u0110\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p<\/strong>
        \nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u container ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf m\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi 380V. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra cho th\u1ea5y: c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p. Sau khi si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c 400V.<\/div>\n

        (4) T\u1ea3i qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng ho\u1eb7c ba pha kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/h3>\n
          \n
        • T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1:<\/strong>T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00e0u v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p gi\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n
        • Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t t\u1ea3i v\u00e0o:<\/strong>Khi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y n\u00e9n l\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111i\u1ec7n... \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, khi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t.<\/li>\n
        • Ba pha kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng:<\/strong>T\u1ea3i \u0111\u01a1n pha qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c pha kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, khi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 pha th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n ph\u1ea1m vi an to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \ud83d\udd0d Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p: S\u1ed1c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e1y n\u00e9n l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/strong>
          \nM\u1ed9t t\u00e0u c\u00e1 \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft xa b\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 400V xu\u1ed1ng 360V, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng l\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p. Ki\u1ec3m tra cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed7i khi m\u00e1y n\u00e9n l\u1ea1nh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng 10%. Do d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e9n l\u1ea1nh qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c khi m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00f9 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
          \n

          III. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u<\/h2>\n
          \n

          (1) \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/h3>\n

          B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra khi b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1p b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \ud83d\udea9 S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p:<\/strong> C\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay gi\u1ea3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/strong> (\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 diesel), sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n
          • \ud83d\udea9 S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p:<\/strong> C\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/strong> (\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y qua s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng), sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng (t\u1eaft ti\u1ebfng, t\u1eaft \u0111\u00e8n), \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft. Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc. T\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n sau khi s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

            (2) C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/h3>\n

            \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra chi ti\u1ebft theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n

            \n
            \n

            1<\/span> B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebfu \u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra hay kh\u00f4ng<\/h4>\n
              \n
            • Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh, quan s\u00e1t xem c\u00f3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n
            • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng sai c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o.<\/li>\n
            • Quan s\u00e1t xem dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00e0 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi hay thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n
            • Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng xem c\u00f3 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p, l\u1ed7i k\u00edch th\u00edch, qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
              \n

              2<\/span> B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/h4>\n
                \n
              • \u0110o d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00edch th\u00edch:<\/strong>\u0110o d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00edch th\u00edch, n\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n
              • Ki\u1ec3m tra AVR (B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng):<\/strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n
              • Ki\u1ec3m tra cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ed1t ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u:<\/strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, ki\u1ec3m tra \u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch quay.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1:<\/strong>Thay th\u1ebf AVR ho\u1eb7c diode b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

                \n

                3<\/span> B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Ki\u1ec3m tra xem t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng<\/h4>\n
                  \n
                • Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn:<\/strong>Quan s\u00e1t xem c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u1edbn kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n
                • T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c:<\/strong>T\u00ednh to\u00e1n xem t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c hay kh\u00f4ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n 1000kW kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 900kW).<\/li>\n
                • C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng:<\/strong>\u0110o d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ba pha, ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t pha qu\u00e1 cao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
                  \n

                  4<\/span> B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 diesel<\/h4>\n
                    \n
                  • Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 47 Hz), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 diesel kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n
                  • Cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra xem b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc c\u00f3 b\u1ecb t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng, v\u00f2i phun nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n
                  • B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong>Quan s\u00e1t xem c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
                    \n

                    5<\/span> B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xem c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/h4>\n
                      \n
                    • Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i:<\/strong>\u0110o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p gi\u1ea3m, ki\u1ec3m tra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e1y x\u00e9m.<\/li>\n
                    • C\u1ea7u dao:<\/strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u00f3 b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e1y h\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
                      \n

                      IV. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u<\/h2>\n
                      \n
                      \u2705 B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch:<\/strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra AVR, cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, \u0111i\u1ed1t.<\/div>\n
                      \u2705 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ea3i h\u1ee3p l\u00fd:<\/strong>Tr\u00e1nh qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i ba pha.<\/div>\n
                      \u2705 \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 diesel:<\/strong>B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1c.<\/div>\n
                      \u2705 B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong>Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch.<\/div>\n
                      \u2705 L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t:<\/strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o xu h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
                      \n

                      V. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u<\/h2>\n

                      (1) Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 \u00e1p<\/h3>\n

                      Khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 \u00e1p, m\u1ea1ch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trong H\u00ecnh 6-4. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1p v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed 0, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc dao, t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00fat \u0111i\u1ec7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebfu \u00e1p, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh s\u1ebd ng\u1eaft. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebfu \u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ec5 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebft \u00e1p trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u UVT.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

                      \"H\u00ecnh

                      H\u00ecnh 6-4 M\u1ea1ch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p<\/p><\/div>\n

                       <\/p>\n

                      \n
                      \n

                      \ud83d\udca1 L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00edch th\u00edch xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh tay ga \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay. Khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh s\u1ebd ng\u1eaft.<\/p>\n

                      (2) Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 thi\u1ebfu \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1<\/h3>\n

                      Hai t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1:<\/p>\n

                      \n
                      \n

                      \u0110i\u1ec3m h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c 1: H\u1ecfng b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1c<\/h4>\n

                      Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong>C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p.
                      \nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch:<\/strong>S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1).
                      \nX\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/strong>Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i t\u1ea3i t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p. D\u1eebng m\u00e1y b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

                      \n

                      \u0110i\u1ec3m h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c 2: H\u1ecfng b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1p<\/h4>\n

                      Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong>C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p.
                      \nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch:<\/strong>S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e8n).
                      \nX\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/strong>Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1eaft m\u00e1y b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa AVR.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n