{"id":15652,"date":"2026-01-06T17:48:34","date_gmt":"2026-01-06T09:48:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/?post_type=dt_portfolio&p=15652"},"modified":"2026-01-06T17:48:34","modified_gmt":"2026-01-06T09:48:34","slug":"diangongjichushicaoerjiguandeshibieyuceliang","status":"publish","type":"dt_portfolio","link":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/vi\/project\/diangongjichushicaoerjiguandeshibieyuceliang","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n: Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ed1t"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n: Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ed1t<\/h1>\n
\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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I. C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u0111i-\u1ed1t<\/h2>\n
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\u0110i-\u1ed1t tinh th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i P v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i N N\u1ed1i PN<\/strong>, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng gian \u1edf hai b\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 sinh. Khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ngo\u00e0i, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n do ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t mang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf hai b\u00ean ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p PN v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00f4i do \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 sinh g\u00e2y ra b\u1eb1ng nhau v\u00e0 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

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T\u00ean<\/th>\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/th>\nGhi ch\u00fa<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0110i-\u1ed1t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n\"\"<\/td>\nT\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Diode \u1ed5n \u00e1p<\/td>\n\"\"<\/td>\nM\u1ea1ch \u1ed5n \u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\"B\u1ea3ng

B\u1ea3ng 12-1: K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0111i-\u1ed1t<\/p><\/div>\n

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II. \u0110o \u0111\u1ea1c \u0111i-\u1ed1t<\/h2>\n
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1. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ef1c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111i-\u1ed1t<\/h3>\n
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(1) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng kim<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2460 C\u1ea5p s\u1ed1:<\/strong>Chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf R \u00d7 100<\/strong> \u6216 R\u00d71k<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2461 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00fat ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n c\u1eafm. N\u1ebfu kim ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch (tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n), th\u00ecB\u00fat m\u00e0u \u0111en<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i l\u00e0C\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng (c\u1ef1c P)<\/strong>\uff0cB\u00fat m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i l\u00e0C\u1ef1c \u00e2m (c\u1ef1c N)<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\"c7975ff4fad779966b6e0b9d5879d72e-1\"<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 12-6: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c \u0111i-\u1ed1t<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

(2) Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2460 C\u1ea5p s\u1ed1:<\/strong>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfnCh\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho \u0111i-\u1ed1t<\/strong>. Khi n\u1ed1i t\u1eaft c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, \u0111\u00e8n b\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ra ti\u1ebfng b\u00edp.<\/p>\n

\u2461 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t), th\u00ecB\u00fat m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i l\u00e0C\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong>\uff0cB\u00fat m\u00e0u \u0111en<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i l\u00e0C\u1ef1c \u00e2m<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/strong>C\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a pin b\u00ean trong b\u00fat \u0111o m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf\/\u0111en tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 kim c\u00f3 c\u1ef1c t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i-\u1ed1t<\/h3>\n
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Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i:<\/strong>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a \u0111i-\u1ed1t, \u0111i-\u1ed1tCh\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ngh\u1ecbch c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00e0ng cao<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

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  • \u2705 Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t:<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf thu\u1eadn nh\u1ecf, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ngh\u1ecbch l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n
  • \u274c M\u1ea1ch h\u1edf b\u00ean trong:<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ea3 theo chi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadn l\u1eabn chi\u1ec1u ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn (v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn).<\/li>\n
  • \u274c Ch\u1eadp m\u1ea1ch b\u00ean trong (\u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1):<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf theo c\u1ea3 hai chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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    III. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi \u0111o \u0111i-\u1ed1t<\/h2>\n
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    (1) Ch\u1ecdn s\u1ed1:<\/strong>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea3i R\u00d7100 ho\u1eb7c R\u00d71k. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea3i R\u00d71 (d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y) ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea3i R\u00d710k (\u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p qu\u00e1 cao, d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee9t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n).<\/p>\n

    (2) Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/strong>C\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u201cC\u1ed5ng \u201d-\u201d<\/strong> K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u1edbi \u201cC\u1ed5ng \u201d+\u201d<\/strong> K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb). Do \u0111\u00f3, khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i theo chi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00fat m\u00e0u \u0111en s\u1ebd n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

    (3) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a hai l\u1ea7n \u0111o kh\u00f4ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

    C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng:<\/strong>\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p-d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111i-\u1ed1t l\u00e0 phi tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. Khi \u0111o \u1edf c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf kh\u00e1c nhau, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch; trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u00e0 \u0111i-\u1ed1t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ebd nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n