{"id":15812,"date":"2026-01-07T10:27:38","date_gmt":"2026-01-07T02:27:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/?post_type=dt_portfolio&p=15812"},"modified":"2026-01-07T10:27:38","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T02:27:38","slug":"jidianqidechangjianguzhangjixiulishiwushouce","status":"publish","type":"dt_portfolio","link":"http:\/\/www.erun-tech.com\/vi\/project\/jidianqidechangjianguzhangjixiulishiwushouce","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ed5 tay th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le"},"content":{"rendered":"
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S\u1ed5 tay th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le<\/h1>\n
R\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t \u00b7 R\u01a1le c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00b7 R\u01a1le th\u1eddi gian<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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I. C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n
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\u26a0\ufe0f \u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh: R\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t pha, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

1. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd n\u00f3ng l\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1ee1ng kim bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n cong t\u0103ng l\u00ean; qua \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5m d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1ch ra, ng\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, khi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u01a1 ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1.<\/p>\n

R\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t bao g\u1ed3m hai b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh, c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

2. K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n
\"Gi\u1ea3i<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 19-6: K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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II. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n
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1. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t<\/h4>\n

Ch\u1ecdn r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1; d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea5p 1,1 \u0111\u1ebfn 1,25 l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u00e0 18 A, h\u00e3y xoay n\u00fam \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh sao cho s\u1ed1 1 8 v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u A tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi v\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0 minh h\u1ecda trong H\u00ecnh 19-7.<\/p>\n

\"S\u01a1<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 19-7: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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2. Kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t<\/h4>\n

Sau khi k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i sau \u0111\u00e2y (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng): ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i; ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i th\u00ec ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/strong>R\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t lo\u1ea1i JR16B c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng; \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y v\u1eb7n v\u00edt ch\u1ecdn ra kh\u1ecfi l\u1ed7 tr\u00f2n b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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III. C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/h2>\n
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Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/th>\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/th>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p<\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn sinh nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n b\u1ecb bong, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t, t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p b\u1ecb l\u00e3o h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, v.v.<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gia nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb bong h\u00e0n, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y k\u1eb9t trong c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p b\u1ecb l\u00e3o h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sai<\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 cao, d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 m\u1ea3nh, th\u1eddi gian kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00ean trong b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo, v.v.<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, thay th\u1ebf d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn r\u01a1le nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, v\u00e0 si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00ean trong b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\nC\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00ean trong b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng, t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p b\u1ecb cong, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ngu\u1ed3n dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00edt n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng, v.v.<\/td>\nC\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u b\u00ean trong, hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ngu\u1ed3n, si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t v\u00edt n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft<\/td>\nB\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gia nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y, v\u00edt n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t, \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c mi\u1ebfng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00edt \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, v.v.<\/td>\nThay th\u1ebf b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gia nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y, si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t v\u00edt n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00edt v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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IV. C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa r\u01a1le c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h2>\n
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(1) Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h3>\n

R\u01a1le c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong tr\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u00e0u, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u kh\u1ecfi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n khi x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cho t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, r\u01a1le c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i NGJ-1 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, d\u1ec5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m tra, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn (ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n

(2) C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h3>\n
(1) Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n dao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u00b110% so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u00b15% so v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c;
\n(2) Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n cho r\u01a1le c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c: 100 V (ho\u1eb7c 400 V), 50\/60 Hz, hai pha A v\u00e0 C, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 2 V\u00b7A.
\n(3) Khi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh song song \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c t\u1eeb 3% \u0111\u1ebfn 15% (t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c) (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c) v\u00e0 sau th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ec5 t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 gi\u00e2y (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c), r\u01a1le c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t (m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3ng).
\n(4) \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 0 \u0111\u1ebfn 55\u2103, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 95%; trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e0u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a va \u0111\u1eadp, rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi s\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i.<\/div>\n

(3) C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/h3>\n
\n
1. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00ean trong b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p.
\nC\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 c\u0169.<\/div>\n
2. S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: L\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo, m\u00f2n, h\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m.
\nC\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u1edbp oxy h\u00f3a, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/div>\n
3. S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: \u0110\u1ee9t d\u00e2y, ch\u1eadp m\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.
\nC\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh li\u00ean th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf.<\/div>\n
4. Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111inh t\u00e1n b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh k\u00e9m.
\nC\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: Ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu, sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111inh t\u00e1n l\u1ea1i.<\/div>\n
5. S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: L\u00f5i s\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, c\u00f3 d\u1ecb v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m d\u1ea7u.
\nC\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt l\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ph\u1eb3ng.<\/div>\n
6. H\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: Ch\u00e2n c\u1eafm b\u1ecb cong, c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c v\u00e0 n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1.
\nC\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: C\u1ea9n th\u1eadn khi thao t\u00e1c, thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/div>\n
7. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo, nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c r\u01a1le b\u1ecb l\u00e3o h\u00f3a.
\nC\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, tr\u00e1nh xa ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec5u.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
\n

5. C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa r\u01a1le th\u1eddi gian<\/h2>\n
\n

1. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le th\u1eddi gian:<\/strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o.
\n2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i:<\/strong>Theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf tr\u1ec5, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ec5 khi c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ec5 khi ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

\n
(1) Lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ec5 khi c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sau khi cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Sau khi ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1ecfi cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac s\u1ebd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u. K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 19-8.<\/p>\n

\"S\u1ef1<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 19-8: Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ec5 khi c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

(2) Lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ec5 khi ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Khi cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c; khi cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y ng\u1eebng c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u. K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 19-9.<\/p>\n

\"S\u1ef1<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 19-9: Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ec5 khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

3. C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/h3>\n
\n

(1) \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: T\u00fai kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng k\u00edn ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed b\u1ecb t\u1eafc, mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 b\u1ecb tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v.v.
\nC\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00edn, thay t\u00fai kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed; thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng; th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thao t\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1; \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

(2) S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1eadp m\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9t m\u1ea1ch, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac k\u00e9m gi\u1eefa ph\u00edch c\u1eafm v\u00e0 \u1ed5 c\u1eafm.
\nC\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n \u1ed5n \u00e1p; s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n; thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u1ecb ch\u1eadp m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

(3) S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/\u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a. C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c: Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u1edbp oxy h\u00f3a (d\u00f9ng gi\u0169a b\u00f3ng d\u1ea7u\/x\u0103ng); thay th\u1ebf r\u01a1le c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n; \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u00f2 xo.<\/p>\n

(4) S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: L\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, ch\u1eadp m\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, l\u1ed7i l\u00f5i s\u1eaft.
\nC\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i; thay th\u1ebf cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng; m\u00e0i ph\u1eb3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a l\u00f5i s\u1eaft.<\/p>\n

(5) Kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sau khi c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00e9m, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u00ean trong b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng. C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c: \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac t\u1ed1t; ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p; thay th\u1ebf linh ki\u1ec7n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

(6) Ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: H\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c: Thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 kh\u00ed; \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

(7) M\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng:<\/strong>
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: B\u1ecb \u1ea9m, linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng. C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: Gi\u1eef kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o; thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n